GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Perform the following steps to inspect for brake fluid leaks:

  1. Depress and hold the brake pedal with constant foot pressure with the engine running at idle while the gear selector is in the NEUTRAL position.
  2. If the pedal gradually falls with constant pressure the brake hydraulic system may leak.
  3. Perform a visual inspection to confirm a suspected external leak.
  4. Inspect the master cylinder fluid levels.
  5. • Fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir does drop due to normal brake pad lining wear. Fluid in the master cylinder reservoir can be 25.4 mm (1 in) from the top if the front linings are worn. This is not abnormal.
    • Abnormally low fluid levels in either the front or the rear master cylinder reservoir indicates an external leak in the hydraulic system.
  6. Inspect for possible fluid leaks at the brake pipes. Replace the brake pipe if any signs of leakage is evident.
  7. Inspect for possible fluid leaks at the brake hose connections. Replace the brake hose if any signs of leakage is evident.
  8. Inspect the connecting brake component for damage. Rebuild or replace the connecting brake component as necessary if damage is evident.
  9. Inspect the front and the rear brake caliper boots for leaks. Rebuild or replace the leaking caliper(s) as necessary.
  10. The brake hydraulic system can leak either internally or externally. The system may appear to pass this test while still having internal leakage.
  11. Internal fluid leaks are caused by faulty master cylinder piston seals.